To Valdeandemagico, the main objective is to find and modify the matter from energy.
Since in principle the matter simply are harmonic oscillators, then any small change in this, should affect the area.
As you know, Valdeandemagico think that all are black holes that interact with each other, creating points of resonance, which based on fractals, produce something. In this case, we see how our body is a complete fractal.
remember that this is important when we speak of as created by genetic manipulation, or the fact that a single sample magnetic field of land in the underground chamber of Cheops, one could obtain the information of all the earth.
IN high school biology course studies the human brain, and a feature that is immediately perceived that their way is not smooth, but extremely convoluted, with many folds and wrinkles. Why the brain has this extremely rare?
volume of the mammalian brain has a large variation, from 0.3 milliliters (ml) and 3 000 ml. The cerebral cortex of large animals is very convoluted, regardless of their position on the scale of evolution. It turns out that the proportion of white matter compared to gray matter is almost the same in all mammals. To maintain this ratio, the material of a large brain necessarily have to be accommodated in folds, otherwise not fit in the skull.
microscopic examination of brain shows that, with increasing amplification, it is finding more and more detail, and smaller structures resemble larger. Or in other words, there is similarity to change of scale. The brain has a fractal structure. The fractal dimension of the brain's surface is greater than 2, implying that this area needs more space to fill, not enough with the dimension equal to 2.
feature of fractals the similarity is found in various anatomical systems and organs, such as in the vascular network, arteries, neural networks, pancreatic ducts, placenta, bronchi, etc.. He pointed to human arteries have a fractal dimension of 2.7 and in the digestive system tissue is corrugated in waves, over many scales.
blood vessels range from aorta to the capillaries branch and divide. Each division is re-branch and division. This continues until the lines become so narrow that blood cells can only move, as it were, lined up one after the other. The structure This system has fractal character. For physiological needs, the blood vessels to tighten and compress an extremely long line and make it fit in a small area, turn the circulatory system to compress an area of \u200b\u200b
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to very large in a limited volume. Blood is a precious good for the body and the body can not "spend" too much space. The only way that blood can flow so that no cell is separated from a blood vessel beyond three or four cells is that the system has fractal structure. This means that the body had to be developed so that a line, a vein, for example, can cover an area almost completely. The only way this can happen is through a fractal structure. Should be noted that, although blood vessels sweep and almost cover a relatively large surface do not occupy, complete with blood, more than 5% of the body. This efficient way of structuring is due to biological evolution.
so exquisite fractal structure formed in the body of the veins and arteries is not unique. The body has many other systems as well as efficient, it is due to evolution. The lungs should pack the maximum area within the minimum possible volume. It should be mentioned that the ability of any living being to absorb oxygen depends on the surface area of \u200b\u200byour lungs, the greater this area, the greater the absorption capacity. In humans the lungs occupy an area of \u200b\u200baround 100 m²! (Equivalent to a square area of \u200b\u200b10 m per side) and they occupy a relatively small body size.
The idea of \u200b\u200bfractals has begun to have a major impact on the study of anatomy. In fact, the way we traditionally classified parts of the body, despite its very useful, does not fully explain what happened. Until they actually started using the idea of \u200b\u200bfractals, or structures that have similarity at many scales, that could understand better how they were designed. The fractal description could explain the experimental observations. Thus it was found that the urinary system is fractal, the bile duct in the liver is fractal and the network of fibers of the heart conducts electrical impulses to the muscles that contract is also fractal. With this network, called cardiologists His-Purkinje network, was an important line of research. As discussed in Chapter XVII, the frequency spectrum of the heart has, under certain conditions, chaotic behavior, which follows fractal laws. The only way to explain this behavior was assumed that the His-Purkinje network has a structure fractal: a labyrinth which branches in a way that is self-similar at scales more and more small.
How did nature develop such a complicated structure? Mandelbrot mentioned that if we only think within the context of Euclidean geometry we are taught in school (see Chapter II), then indeed the anatomical structures are complicated. But as is possible fractal description of an extremely simple, with very little information. Recall, for example, instructions for building the Koch curve (see Chapter V), which is a fractal, are also few and simple. It has been discovered that the instructions for the formation of each of the organs and body systems are encoded in the molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), where all the genetic information of living beings. If this molecule is find the specific information of each of the branches, then in addition to being a very inefficient way, information of all structures in the molecule might not like it. A more efficient way would be encoded only instruction to be iterated to form an organ like the lung, for example. Recall that a way to produce a fractal is giving an instruction to be repeated or iterate a large number of times. This can easily understand how the DNA contains the information produced by fractal systems and organs. This efficient way of storing information was obtained through the process of evolution.
Multiple sclerosis is a degenerative disease of the nervous system that has no cure and whose exact causes are unknown. When the first symptoms of this disease, one of the tests done is an MRI to find out if the brain suffers own injuries this bad. When the disease is in its infancy, is likely to have injuries do not appear or are below the resolution limit resonance in these cases, the brain of a sick person is said to be "apparently normal" to have the same characteristics in the image than a healthy person. But a group of scientists Jaen has applied the fractal dimension analysis to the brain and has shown that measures the brain of a sick person, as reflected by this parameter, are not the same as those of a person who is not.
Facing the Euclidean dimension (0 for a point, 1 for a line, 2 for a plane, and 3 for a volume), the fractal dimension is a parameter that allows to obtain dimensions between 1 and 2 (2D fractal dimension) , and 2 and 3 (3D fractal dimension). The fractal dimension is the dimension of the irregular, and since a few years ago has been applied to different biological structures, but the application to the brain was very low. For the first time, this group of biologists, engineers, mathematicians, neurologists, neurosurgeons, psychologists and statisticians perform such measurements on MRI 3D brain to try to solve clinical problems.
What the eye does not see
This group is developing software to measure the fractal dimension D of the brain. "It is a tool for clinical use to try to predict if people with initial symptoms of multiple sclerosis, and with a seemingly normal brain may or may not have the disease. It could be a very useful tool in early diagnosis of diseases resulting from alterations in the brain, "says principal investigator.
With the tests performed today can measure the volume, size, or the convolutions of the brain, but it was difficult to measure the complexity, something that can be done with the fractal dimension. Jaen scientists are using different computer algorithms and image analysis using fractal theory both magnetic resonance imaging nuclear normal individuals and in people with certain neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis. "When applied to study the fractal dimension in the brain, we are able to detect abnormalities in brain structures that are not observed or detected by any method now known. With this new technique can detect changes that the eye does not see ", said Professor Steven Ruiz.
